Deploying LLM Applications on Cloud Run: A Complete Guide

Last year, I deployed our first LLM application to Cloud Run. What should have taken hours took three days. Cold starts killed our latency. Memory limits caused crashes. Timeouts broke long-running requests. After deploying 20+ LLM applications to Cloud Run, I’ve learned what works and what doesn’t. Here’s the complete guide. Figure 1: Cloud Run […]

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Enterprise Generative AI: A Solutions Architect’s Framework for Production-Ready Systems

After two decades of building enterprise systems, I’ve witnessed numerous technology waves—from SOA to microservices, from on-premises to cloud-native. But nothing has matched the velocity and transformative potential of generative AI. The challenge isn’t whether to adopt it; it’s how to do so without creating technical debt that will haunt your organization for years. The […]

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LLM Evaluation: Metrics, Benchmarks, and A/B Testing

Introduction: Evaluating LLM outputs is challenging because there’s often no single “correct” answer. Traditional metrics like BLEU and ROUGE fall short for open-ended generation. This guide covers modern evaluation approaches: automated metrics for specific tasks, LLM-as-judge for quality assessment, human evaluation frameworks, A/B testing in production, and building comprehensive evaluation pipelines. These techniques help you […]

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LLM Cost Optimization: Reducing API Spend Without Sacrificing Quality (Part 1 of 2)

Introduction: LLM API costs can spiral quickly—a chatbot handling 10,000 daily users at $0.01 per conversation costs $3,000 monthly. Production systems need cost optimization without sacrificing quality. This guide covers practical strategies: semantic caching to avoid redundant calls, model routing to use cheaper models when possible, prompt compression to reduce token counts, and monitoring to […]

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LLM Observability: Cost Tracking and Quality Monitoring (Part 2 of 2)

Introduction: You can’t improve what you can’t measure. LLM applications are notoriously difficult to debug—prompts are opaque, responses are non-deterministic, and failures often manifest as subtle quality degradation rather than crashes. Observability gives you visibility into every LLM call: what prompts were sent, what responses came back, how long it took, how much it cost, […]

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