After two decades of building data systems, I’ve watched Natural Language Processing evolve from a research curiosity into an indispensable tool for extracting value from the vast ocean of unstructured text that enterprises generate daily. The convergence of transformer architectures, cloud-scale computing, and mature NLP libraries has fundamentally changed how we approach data analytics, enabling […]
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Azure API Management for Healthcare: Security and Compliance
Healthcare API Architecture with Azure APIM HIPAA Compliance Requirements ⚖️ HIPAA Technical Safeguards for API Management ✓ Access Control (§164.312(a)(1)): Role-based access, unique user IDs, emergency access procedures ✓ Audit Controls (§164.312(b)): Log all PHI access, monitor API calls, immutable audit trails ✓ Integrity (§164.312(c)(1)): Validate data not altered, use checksums/digital signatures ✓ Transmission Security […]
Read more →LLM Observability: Tracing, Metrics, and Logging for Production AI (Part 1 of 2)
Introduction: Observability is essential for production LLM applications—you need visibility into latency, token usage, costs, error rates, and output quality. Unlike traditional applications where you can rely on status codes and response times, LLM applications require tracking prompt versions, model behavior, and semantic quality metrics. This guide covers practical observability: distributed tracing for multi-step LLM […]
Read more →LLM Evaluation Metrics: Automated Testing, LLM-as-Judge, and Human Assessment for Production AI
Introduction: Evaluating LLM outputs is fundamentally different from traditional ML evaluation. There’s no single ground truth for creative tasks, quality is subjective, and outputs vary with each generation. Yet rigorous evaluation is essential for production systems—you need to know if your prompts are working, if model changes improve quality, and if your system meets user […]
Read more →Fine-Tuning Large Language Models: A Complete Guide to LoRA and QLoRA
Master parameter-efficient fine-tuning with LoRA and QLoRA. Learn how to customize LLMs like Llama 3 and Mistral on consumer hardware with step-by-step implementation guides.
Read more →Text-to-SQL with LLMs: Building Natural Language Database Interfaces
Introduction: Natural language to SQL is one of the most practical LLM applications. Business users can query databases without knowing SQL, analysts can explore data faster, and developers can prototype queries quickly. But naive implementations fail spectacularly—generating invalid SQL, hallucinating table names, or producing queries that return wrong results. This guide covers building robust text-to-SQL […]
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